Centennial is an aroma-type cultivar, bred in 1974 and released in 1990. The genetic composition is 3/4 Brewers Gold, 3/32 Fuggle, 1/16 East Kent Golding, 1/32 Bavarian and 1/16 unknown.

A relatively new hop on the market, this hop used to be called CFJ90. Described by some as a "Super Cascade" and we tend to agree, but it's not nearly as "citrusy". Some even use it for aroma as well as bittering. Bitterness is quite clean and can have floral notes depending on the boil time. (alpha acid: 9.5-11.5% / beta acid: 4.0-5.0%)

Warrior has significant bittering capabilities and adds citrus notes readily. Warrior's bittering ability makes it common in many IPAs and other hop-driven beers.

Actually a blend of American hops, specifically designed by Hop Union for American Pale Ale (APA) and India Pale Ale (IPA) style beers. Reportedly a blend of Simcoe, Citra, Palisade and Amarillo, it has distinct tropical (pineapple) and citrus tones, with slight pine characteristics.

Perle is German in origin. Bred there from Northern Brewer and 63/5/27M in 1978, Perle has its parent's minty, pine character as well as the spicy, earthy notes found in other noble hop varieties.

Brewers Gold is a complex bittering hop that is noted to have a sharp or pungent bittering quality. It also imparts a fruity yet spicy aroma as well as having a black currant characteristic. It is on the low end of the bittering hop scale at 8 to 10% AAU typically. Brewers Gold can be used in a wide range of styles from English Ales to German Lagers and adds a decidely 'European' element to the beer. These make a good partner to noble varieties such as Tettnang and Hallertauer.

Magnesium Sulphate (Epsom salts)

Used in water chemistry adjustment for brewing. Magnesium Sulphate provides Sulphates to the water without increasing Calcium.
Usually not recommended to go above 30ppm.

Magnum is a German variety (also grown in the US) and daughter of Galena. It is a high alpha cultivar and is often used as the base bittering variety. Magnum does not display any distinct aroma characteristics, however, subtle spice and fruit characteristics have been noted by some brewers.

US Cascade has a pleasant, flowery and spicy, citrus-like quality with a slight grapefruit characteristic. The hop is good for both flavor and aroma uses. It can also be used for bittering effectively, and can be used to make any ales, and indeed is characteristic of American Pale Ales; used in some Lagers.

A high yielding, high alpha acid American bittering hop. One of the "Three Cs" along with Cascade and Centennial. Like the others it is citrusy and slightly woody. Columbus has a very high amount of total oils, and can impart a 'resiny' quality to a beer.

Columbus is also known by the trade name Tomahawk, and is part of the group of almost identical sister varieties known as CTZ for Columbus, Tomahawk and Zeus. We purchase whichever of these three is currently available, and they are all interchangable with each other.

Substitutes for bittering: Nugget, Chinook. Substitutes for aroma and flavor: Cascade, Centennial.